madhyamāgamasūktaṃ prathamam - bhadradharmasūktaṃ ¹⁾

evam mayā śrutam. ekasmin samaye bhagavān śrāvastyām vyahārṣīj jetavane 'nāthapiṇḍadasyārāme.

tasmin samaye bhagavān bhikṣūn avocat, yaḥ kaścid bhikṣuḥ saptabhir dharmaiḥ samanvāgato bhavati, sa āryadharme prāmodyaṃ sukhaṃ cādhigacchati, samyag āsravakṣayāya ca pratipadyate. katamaiḥ saptabhiḥ. yaduta bhikṣur dharmajño bhavati, arthajñaḥ, kālajño, mātrājña, ātmajñaḥ, parṣajjñaḥ, pudgalavarāvarajñaś ca.

kathaṃ bhikṣur dharmajño bhavati. yaduta bhikṣuḥ sūtraṃ jānāti, geyaṃ, vyākaraṇaṃ, gāthāṃ, nidānam, udānam, avadānam, itivṛttakaṃ, jātakaṃ, vaipulyam, adbhutadharmaṃ, upadeśaṃ ca. evaṃ bhikṣur dharmajño bhavati.

yaḥ kaścid bhikṣur adharmajño bhavati, yaduta sa na sūtraṃ jānāti, na geyaṃ, na vyākaraṇaṃ, na gāthāṃ, na nidānam, nodānam, nāvadānam, netivṛttakaṃ, na jātakaṃ, na vaipulyam, nādbhutadharmaṃ, nopadeśaṃ ca. evaṃ bhikṣur adharmajño bhavati.

yaḥ punar bhikṣuḥ sudharmajño bhavati, yaduta sa sūtraṃ jānāti, geyaṃ, vyākaraṇaṃ, gāthāṃ, nidānam, udānam, avadānam, itivṛttakaṃ, jātakaṃ, vaipulyam, adbhutadharmaṃ, upadeśaṃ ca. evaṃ bhikṣuḥ sudharmajño bhavati.

kathaṃ bhikṣur arthajño bhavati. yaduta bhikṣus tasyastasya bhāṣitasyārthaṃ jānāti, ayam asyārtho 'yam asyārtha iti. evaṃ bhikṣur arthajño bhavati.

yaḥ kaścid bhikṣur anarthajño bhavati, yaduta sa tasyastasya bhāṣitasyārthaṃ na jānāti, ayam asyārtho 'yam asyārtha iti. evaṃ bhikṣur anarthajño bhavati.

yaḥ punar bhikṣuḥ svarthajño bhavati, yaduta sa tasyastasya bhāṣitasyārthaṃ jānāti, ayam asyārtho 'yam asyārtha iti. evaṃ bhikṣuḥ svarthajño bhavati.

kathaṃ bhikṣuḥ kālajño bhavati. yaduta bhikṣuḥ kālaṃ jānāti, ayaṃ kālaḥ śamathanimittaṃ bhāvayitum, ayaṃ kālaḥ pragrahanimittaṃ bhāvayitum, ayaṃ kāla upekṣānimittaṃ bhāvayitum iti. evaṃ bhikṣuḥ kālajño bhavati.

yaḥ kaścid bhikṣur akālajño bhavati, yaduta sa kālaṃ na jānāti, ayaṃ kālaḥ śamathanimittaṃ bhāvayitum, ayaṃ kālaḥ pragrahanimittaṃ bhāvayitum, ayaṃ kāla upekṣānimittaṃ bhāvayitum iti. evaṃ bhikṣur akālajño bhavati.

yaḥ punar bhikṣuḥ sukālajño bhavati, yaduta sa kālaṃ jānāti, ayaṃ kālaḥ śamathanimittaṃ bhāvayitum, ayaṃ kālaḥ pragrahanimittaṃ bhāvayitum, ayaṃ kāla upekṣānimittaṃ bhāvayitum iti. evaṃ bhikṣuḥ sukālajño bhavati.

kathaṃ bhikṣur mātrājño bhavati. yaduta bhikṣur mātrāṃ jānāti pāne, aśane, gamane, sthāne, niṣadyāyām, śayane, bhāṣite, tūṣṇīṃbhāve, uccārapraśrave, nidrāpraṇudane, saṃprajñānayoge ca. evaṃ bhikṣur mātrājño bhavati.

yaḥ kaścid bhikṣur amātrājño bhavati, yaduta sa mātrāṃ na jānāti pāne, aśane, gamane, sthāne, niṣadyāyām, śayane, bhāṣite, tūṣṇīṃbhāve, uccārapraśrave, nidrāpraṇudane, saṃprajñānayoge ca. evaṃ bhikṣur amātrājño bhavati.

yaḥ punar bhikṣuḥ sumātrājño bhavati, yaduta sa mātrāṃ jānāti pāne, aśane, gamane, sthāne, niṣadyāyām, śayane, bhāṣite, tūṣṇīṃbhāve, uccārapraśrave, nidrāpraṇudane, saṃprajñānayoge ca. evaṃ bhikṣuḥ sumātrājño bhavati.

kathaṃ bhikṣur ātmajño bhavati. yaduta bhikṣur ātmānaṃ jānāti, vidyate me iyatī śraddhā, iyac chīlam, iyac chrutam, iyāṃs tyāgaḥ, iyatī prajñā, iyat pratibhānam, iyān āgamaḥ, iyān adhigamaś ceti. evaṃ bhikṣur ātmajño bhavati.

yaḥ kaścid bhikṣur anātmajño bhavati, yaduta sa ātmānaṃ na jānāti, vidyate me iyatī śraddhā, iyac chīlam, iyac chrutam, iyāṃs tyāgaḥ, iyatī prajñā, iyat pratibhānam, iyān āgamaḥ, iyān adhigamaś ceti. evaṃ bhikṣur anātmajño bhavati.

yaḥ punar bhikṣuḥ svātmajño bhavati, yaduta sa ātmānaṃ jānāti, vidyate me iyatī śraddhā, iyac chīlam, iyac chrutam, iyāṃs tyāgaḥ, iyatī prajñā, iyat pratibhānam, iyān āgamaḥ, iyān adhigamaś ceti. evaṃ bhikṣuḥ svātmajño bhavati.

kathaṃ bhikṣuḥ parṣajjño bhavati. yaduta bhikṣuḥ parṣadaṃ jānāti, iyaṃ kṣatriyaparṣad, iyaṃ brāhmaṇaparṣad, iyaṃ gṛhapatiparṣad, iyaṃ śramaṇaparṣad iti. mayā tasyāṃ parṣady evaṃ gantavyam, evaṃ sthātavyam, evaṃ niṣattavyam, evaṃ bhāṣitavyam, evaṃ tūṣṇīṃbhavitavyam iti. evaṃ bhikṣuḥ parṣajjño bhavati.

yaḥ kaścid bhikṣur aparṣajjño bhavati, yaduta sa parṣadaṃ na jānāti, iyaṃ kṣatriyaparṣad, iyaṃ brāhmaṇaparṣad, iyaṃ gṛhapatiparṣad, iyaṃ śramaṇaparṣad iti. mayā tasyāṃ parṣady evaṃ gantavyam, evaṃ sthātavyam, evaṃ niṣattavyam, evaṃ bhāṣitavyam, evaṃ tūṣṇīṃbhavitavyam iti. evaṃ bhikṣur aparṣajjño bhavati.

yaḥ punar bhikṣuḥ suparṣajjño bhavati, yaduta sa parṣadaṃ jānāti, iyaṃ kṣatriyaparṣad, iyaṃ brāhmaṇaparṣad, iyaṃ gṛhapatiparṣad, iyaṃ śramaṇaparṣad iti. mayā tasyāṃ parṣady evaṃ gantavyam, evaṃ sthātavyam, evaṃ niṣattavyam, evaṃ bhāṣitavyam, evaṃ tūṣṇīṃbhavitavyam iti. evaṃ bhikṣuḥ suparṣajjño bhavati.

kathaṃ bhikṣuḥ pudgalavarāvarajño bhavati. yaduta bhikṣur dvau pudgalau jānāti, śrāddhaṃ cāśrāddhaṃ ca. tatra yaḥ śrāddhaḥ sa varaḥ, yo 'śrāddhaḥ so 'varaḥ.

sa khalu śrāddhaḥ pudgalo dvividho bhavati, yo 'bhīkṣṇaṃ bhikṣūn darśanāyopasaṃkrāmati, yo nābhīkṣṇaṃ bhikṣūn darśanāyopasaṃkrāmati. tatra yo 'bhīkṣṇaṃ bhikṣūn darśanāyopasaṃkrāmati, sa varaḥ; yo nābhīkṣṇaṃ bhikṣūn darśanāyopasaṃkrāmati, so 'varaḥ.

so 'bhīkṣṇaṃ bhikṣūn darśanāyopasaṃkrāman pudgalo dvividho bhavati, yo bhikṣūn satkaroti, yo na satkaroti. tatra yaḥ satkaroti, sa varaḥ; yo na satkaroti, so 'varaḥ.

sa bhikṣūn satkurvan pudgalo dvividho bhavati, yaḥ sūtraṃ paripṛcchati, yo na paripṛcchati. tatra yaḥ sūtraṃ paripṛcchati, sa varaḥ; yo na paripṛcchati, so 'varaḥ.

sa sūtraṃ paripṛcchan pudgalo dvividho bhavati, ya ekāgramanasā sūtraṃ śṛṇoti, yo naikāgramanasā sūtraṃ śṛṇoti. tatra ya ekāgramanasā sūtraṃ śṛṇoti, sa varaḥ; yo naikāgramanasā sūtraṃ śṛṇoti, so 'varaḥ.

sa ekāgramanasā sūtraṃ śṛṇvan pudgalo dvividho bhavati, yaḥ śrutvā dharmaṃ dhārayati, yaḥ śrutvā dharmaṃ na dhārayati. tatra yaḥ śrutvā dharmaṃ dhārayati, sa varaḥ; yaḥ śrutvā dharmaṃ na dhārayati, so 'varaḥ.

sa śrutvā dharmaṃ dhārayan pudgalo dvividho bhavati, yo dhṛtānāṃ dharmānām artham upaparīkṣate, yo dhṛtānāṃ dharmānām arthaṃ nopaparīkṣate. tatra yo dhṛtānāṃ dharmānām artham upaparīkṣate, sa varaḥ; yo dhṛtānāṃ dharmānām arthaṃ nopaparīkṣate, so 'varaḥ.

sa dhṛtānāṃ dharmānām artham upaparīkṣamāṇaḥ pudgalo dvividho bhavati, yo dharmaṃ jānāti arthaṃ jānāti, dharmānudharmapratipanno bhavati sāmīcīpratipanno 'nudharmacārī; yo na dharmaṃ jānāti nārthaṃ jānāti, na dharmānudharmapratipanno bhavati na sāmīcīpratipanno nānudharmacārī. tatra yo dharmaṃ jānāti arthaṃ jānāti, dharmānudharmapratipanno bhavati sāmīcīpratipanno 'nudharmacārī, sa varaḥ; yo na dharmaṃ jānāti nārthaṃ jānāti, na dharmānudharmapratipanno bhavati na sāmīcīpratipanno nānudharmacārī, so 'varaḥ.

sa dharmaṃ jānāti arthaṃ jānāti dharmānudharmapratipannaḥ sāmīcīpratipanno 'nudharmacārī pudgalo dvividho bhavati, ya ātmahitāya pratipanno bhavati parahitāya ca bahujanahitāya lokānukampāyai arthāya hitāya yogakṣemāya sukhāya devānāṃ ca manuṣyānāṃ ca; yaś ca nātmahitāya pratipanno bhavati na parahitāya na bahujanahitāya na lokānukampāyai nārthāya na hitāya na yogakṣemāya na sukhāya devānāṃ ca manuṣyānāṃ ca. tatra ya ātmahitāya pratipanno bhavati parahitāya ca bahujanahitāya lokānukampāyai arthāya hitāya yogakṣemāya sukhāya devānāṃ ca manuṣyānāṃ ca, sa etasmin pudgalagaṇe 'gryaś cākhyāyate, mahān, uttamaḥ, śreṣṭhaḥ, pravaraḥ, jyeṣṭhaḥ, praṇītaś ca.

tadyathā goḥ kṣīraṃ jāyate, kṣīrād dadhi, dadhno navanītam, navanītād ghṛtam, ghṛtāt sarpirmaṇḍaḥ. tatra sarpirmaṇḍas teṣv agryaś cākhyāyate, mahān, uttamaḥ, śreṣṭhaḥ, pravaraḥ, jyeṣṭhaḥ, praṇītaś ca. evam eva, yo 'yam pudgala ātmahitāya pratipanno bhavati parahitāya ca bahujanahitāya lokānukampāyai arthāya hitāya yogakṣemāya sukhāya devānāṃ ca manuṣyānāṃ ca; tayor dvayoḥ pudgalayoḥ, yathoktayoḥ yathāvibhaktayoḥ yathāprajñaptayoḥ, ayam pudgalo 'gryaś cākhyāyate, mahān, uttamaḥ, śreṣṭhaḥ, pravaraḥ, jyeṣṭhaḥ, praṇītaś ca. evaṃ bhikṣuḥ pudgalavarāvarajño bhavati.

idam avocad bhagavān. āttamanasas te bhikṣavo bhagavato bhāṣitam abhyanandan.

bhadradharmasūktaṃ niṣṭhitam prathamam.