MĀ 20 pāṭalyasūtram

[Translated originally from the Sanskrit Sarvāstivāda Madhyamāgama to Classical Chinese by a team led by Sarvāstivāda scholar Gautama Saṃghadeva of Kāśmīra in 398CE.
Translated from the Chinese Taisho Tripiṭaka back to Sanskrit by Ramakrishnan Suryanarayanan in 2024-26.]

madhyamāgame karmasaṃyuktavarge dvitīye pāṭalyasūtraṃ daśamam.

evaṃ mayā śrutam. ekasminsamaye bhagavānkrauḍyeṣu cārikāṃ caranmahatā bhikṣusaṅghena sārdhamuttaragrāmamanuprāptaḥ. tatrottaragrāmasyottarasyāṃ diśi viharati sma śiṃśapāvane.

tena khalu samayena pāṭalyo grāmaṇīraśrauṣīt—śramaṇaḥ khalu gautamaḥ śākyaputraḥ śākyakulātkeśaśmaśrvavatārya kāṣāyāṇi vastrāṇyācchādya samyageva śraddhayāgārādanagārikāṃ pravrajitaḥ krauḍyeṣu cārikāṃ caranmahatā bhikṣusaṅghena sārdhamuttaragrāmamanuprāpta uttaragrāmasyottarasyāṃ diśi śiṃśapāvane viharati. tasya khalu śramaṇasya gautamasyaivaṃ kalyāṇaḥ kīrtiśabdo'bhyudgataḥ—iti hi śramaṇo gautamastathāgato'rhansamyaksambuddho vidyācaraṇasampannaḥ sugato lokavidanuttaraḥ puruṣadamyasārathiḥ śāstā devānāṃ ca manuṣyāṇāṃ ca buddho bhagavān. sa imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ saśramaṇabrāhmaṇīṃ prajāṃ sadevamanuṣyāṃ svayamabhijñāya sākṣātkṛtyopasampadya viharati. sa dharmaṃ deśayatyādau kalyāṇaṃ madhye kalyāṇaṃ paryavasāne kalyāṇaṃ sārthaṃ savyañjanaṃ kevalaparipūrṇaṃ pariśuddhaṃ brahmacaryaṃ samprakāśayati. sādhu khalu punastathārūpāṇāmarhatāṃ darśanaṃ bhavati. yannvahaṃ śramaṇaṃ gautamaṃ darśanāyopasaṅkrāmeyaṃ vandanāya pūjanāyopāsanāyeti.

atha khalu pāṭalyo grāmaṇīruttaragrāmānniṣkramyottarāṃ diśamabhimukhaḥ śiṃśapāvanaṃ yena bhagavāṃstenopajagāma, upetya darśanāya vandanāya pūjanāyopāsanāya ca. atha pāṭalyo grāmaṇīrdūrādeva bhagavantaṃ dadarśa vṛkṣamūle niṣaṇṇamabhirūpaṃ darśanīyaṃ prāsādikaṃ tārāgaṇe candramivātīva bhrājamānaṃ kanakagirimiva prajvalantaṃ dvātriṃśanmahāpuruṣalakṣaṇaiḥ samalaṅkṛtaṃ praśāntendriyaṃ praśāntamānasaṃ dāntamanāvaraṇaṃ samāhitam. dṛṣṭvā ca punaryena bhagavāṃstenopajagāma. upetya bhagavatā sārdhaṃ sammukhaṃ saṃmodanīṃ saṃrañjanīṃ vividhāṃ kathāṃ vyatisāryaikānte nyaṣīdat. ekāntaniṣaṇṇaḥ pāṭalyo grāmaṇīrbhagavantametadavocat—śrutaṃ mayā, bho gautama, śramaṇo gautamo māyāṃ māyato jānātīti. ye te, bho gautama, evamāhuḥ—śramaṇo gautamo māyāṃ māyato jānātīti, kaccitte bhagavato bhāṣitamanubhāṣante, na ca bhagavantamabhūtenābhyācakṣate? kaccitte bhūtaṃ bhāṣante? kaccitte dharmaṃ bhāṣante? kacciddharmasyānudharmaṃ vyākurvanti? kaccinna kaścitsahadhārmiko vādānuvādo garhyaṃ sthānamāgacchatīti?

bhagavānavocat—ye te, grāmaṇi, evamāhuḥ—śramaṇo gautamo māyāṃ māyato jānātīti, te me bhāṣitamanubhāṣante, na ca māmabhūtenābhyācakṣate, dharmaṃ vyākurvanti, dharmasyānudharmaṃ vyākurvanti, na ca kaścitsahadhārmiko vādānuvādo garhyaṃ sthānamāgacchati. tatkasya hetoḥ? ahaṃ hi, grāmaṇi, māyāṃ jānāmi, na cāhaṃ svayaṃ māyāvī. pāṭalyo'vocat—bhūtaṃ taiḥ śramaṇabrāhmaṇairuktam, tathāpi nāhaṃ śraddadhe yaduta śramaṇo gautamo māyāṃ māyato jānātīti. bhagavānavocat—kiṃ nu, grāmaṇi, yo māyāṃ jānāti, sa māyā bhavatīti?

pāṭalyo'vocat—evametat, bhagavan! evametatsugata!

bhagavānavocat—mā khalu grāmaṇyātmānaṃ kṣaṇoḥ, mā ca māmabhūtenābhyākhyāḥ. yo hi māmabhūtenābhyācakṣate, sa svayamevātmānaṃ kṣaṇoti, sāvadyo bhavati, sahadhārmikaṃ vādānuvādaṃ garhyaṃ sthānamāgacchati, mahaccapāpaṃ prasūyate. tatkasya hetoḥ? naitadevaṃ yathā tvaṃ vadasi. kiṃ nu, grāmaṇi, śrutaṃ tvayā krauḍyeṣu krauḍyā bhaṭāḥ santīti? pāṭalyo'vocat—śrutaṃ mayā, bho gautama.

bhagavānavocat—tatkiṃ manyase, grāmaṇi, krauḍyeṣu krauḍyā bhaṭāḥ kimarthaṃ sthāpyante?

pāṭalyo'vocat—corāṇāṃ vadhabandhananigrahārthaṃ, bho gautama, krauḍyā bhaṭāḥ sthāpyante.

bhagavānavocat—tatkiṃ manyase, grāmaṇi, kiṃ te krauḍyā bhaṭāḥ śīlavanto'tha duḥśīlā iti?

pāṭalyo'vocat—bho gautama, yadi loke duḥśīlāḥ pāpadharmāṇaḥ santi, na tebhyo duḥśīlatarāḥ krauḍyā bhaṭāḥ. tatkasya hetoḥ? te hi krauḍyā bhaṭā atyantaṃ duḥśīlāḥ pāpadharmāṇo viharanti.

bhagavānavocat—ya evaṃ tvaṃ jānāsi, ya evaṃ tvaṃ paśyasi, taṃ tvāṃ nāhaṃ pṛcchāmi. api tu yadi tvāmanyo gṛhapatiḥ pṛcchet—yo'yaṃ pāṭalyo grāmaṇīḥ krauḍyānbhaṭānatyantaṃ duḥśīlānpāpadharmaṇo jānāti, api nu tenānena kāraṇena pāṭalyo grāmaṇīrapi duḥśīlaḥ pāpadharmā bhavatīti? yadi sa evaṃ vadet, kaccittena samyaguktaṃ syāt?

pāṭalyo'vocat—no hīdam, bho gautama. tatkasya hetoḥ? krauḍyānāṃ bhaṭānāmanyā dṛṣṭiranyechānyaḥ praṇidhiḥ. krauḍyā bhaṭā atyantaṃ duḥśīlāḥ pāpadharmāṇaḥ, ahaṃ tvatyantaṃ śīlavānna pāpakarmāṇi karomi.

bhagavānavocat—yathā tvaṃ, grāmaṇi, krauḍyānbhaṭānatyantaṃ duḥśīlānpāpadharmaṇo jānāsi, na ca tvaṃ tena kāraṇenātyantaṃ duḥśīlaḥ pāpadharmā bhavasi. tatkasmāttathāgato māyāṃ jānannapi na svayaṃ māyā bhavitumarhati? tatkasya hetoḥ? ahaṃ hi, grāmaṇi, māyāṃ jānāmi, māyāvinaṃ jānāmi, māyāyā vipākaṃ jānāmi, māyāyāḥ prahāṇaṃ jānāmi. evamevāhaṃ, grāmaṇi, prāṇātipātaṃ jānāmi, prāṇātipātinaṃ jānāmi, prāṇātipātasyavipākaṃ jānāmi, prāṇātipātasyaprahāṇaṃ jānāmi. ahamadattādānaṃ jānāmi, adattādāyinaṃ jānāmi, adattādānasyavipākaṃ jānāmi, adattādānasyaprahāṇaṃ jānāmi. ahaṃ mṛṣāvādaṃ jānāmi, mṛṣāvādinaṃ jānāmi, mṛṣāvādasyavipākaṃ jānāmi, mṛṣāvādasyaprahāṇaṃ jānāmi. evaṃ hyahaṃ, grāmaṇi, jānāmi, evaṃ paśyāmi. yastvevamāha—śramaṇo gautamo māyāṃ jānāti, tena sa māyā bhavatīti, yadi sa tāṃ vācamaprahāya tacca cittamaprahāya tāmicchāmaprahāya taṃ praṇidhimaprahāya tacchrutamaprahāya tanmatamaprahāya tadvijñātamaprahāya, tadyathā balavānpuruṣaḥ saṅkucitaṃ vā bāhuṃ prasārayetprasāritaṃ vā bāhuṃ saṅkocayet, evameva sa nihatakāyo naraka upapadyate.

atha khalu pāṭalyo grāmaṇīridamaśrauṣīt. śrutvā ca bhītastrastasaṃvignahṛdayo hṛṣṭaromakūpo utthāyāsanādbhagavataḥ pādau śirasā vanditvā, dakṣiṇaṃ jānumaṇḍalaṃ pṛthivyāṃ pratiṣṭhāpya, yena bhagavāṃstenāñjaliṃ praṇāmya bhagavantametadavocat—atyayo me, bho gautama, atyayo me, sugata, yathābālasya yathāmūḍhasya yathāsamāhitacittasya yathākuśalasya yo'haṃ bhagavantamabhūtena māyāvītyabhyākhyam. tasya me, bho gautama, bhagavānatyayamatyayato dṛṣṭvā deśayataḥ pratigṛhṇātvāyatyāṃ saṃvarāyeti.

bhagavānavocat—taggha tvaṃ, grāmaṇi, atyayamatyayato'karoḥ, yathābālo yathāmūḍho yathākuśalo yathānavasthitacittaḥ, yastvaṃ tathāgatamarhantaṃ samyaksambuddhamabhūtena māyāvītyabhyākhyaḥ. yacca tvaṃ, grāmaṇi, atyayamatyayato dṛṣṭvā dharmato deśayasyāyatyāṃ ca saṃvaraṃ prapadyase, tatte'haṃ pratigṛhṇāmi. vṛddhireṣā, grāmaṇi, āryasya dharmavinaye yo'tyayamatyayato dṛṣṭvā dharmato deśayatyāyatyāṃ ca saṃvaraṃ prapadyate.

atha pāṭalyo grāmaṇīḥ kṛtāñjaliḥ praṇāmya bhagavantametadavocat—santi, bho gautama, eke śramaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādina evaṃdṛṣṭayaḥ—yaḥ kaścitprāṇātipātaṃ karoti, sarvaḥ sa dṛṣṭa eva dharme duḥkhaṃ daurmanasyaṃ pratisaṃvedayati; yaḥ kaścitadattādānamādatte, mṛṣā vā bhāṣate, sarvaḥ sa dṛṣṭa eva dharme duḥkhaṃ daurmanasyaṃ pratisaṃvedayatīti. atra śramaṇo gautamaḥ kiṃ pratyāheti?

bhagavānavocat—tena hi, grāmaṇi, tvāmevātra pratiprakṣyāmi, yathā te kṣamate tathā vyākuryāḥ. tatkiṃ manyase, grāmaṇi, ihāsti grāme vā nigame vā kaścitpuruṣaḥ kṛtamaulibandho mālyadāmadharo gandhānuliptagātraḥ strībhiḥ parivṛto nṛtyagītavāditreṇa ramamāṇaḥ krīḍanparicārayanrājeva viharati. taṃ kaścidevaṃ pṛcchet—kimanena puruṣeṇāpūrvaṃ kṛtamiti. tamanyo vyākuryāt—anena puruṣeṇa rājñaḥ śatrurhataḥ, tena rājā tuṣṭo'smai paritoṣikaṃ pradadau, tenāyaṃ puruṣaḥ kṛtamaulibandho mālyadāmadharo gandhānuliptagātraḥ strībhiḥ parivṛto nṛtyagītavāditreṇa ramamāṇaḥ krīḍanparicārayanrājeva viharatīti. kaccidgrāmaṇi, tvayāyamevaṃrūpo dṛṣṭapūrvaḥ śrutapūrvo vā?

pāṭalyo'vocat—dṛṣṭapūrvo me, bho gautama, śrutaśca, śroṣyāmi cāpyanāgatamadhvānam.

bhagavānavocat—tatkiṃ manyase, grāmaṇi, ihāsti tvayā kaścitpuruṣo dṛṣṭapūrvo rājapuruṣairgṛhīto dṛḍhaṃ paścādbāhuṃ gāḍhabandhanaṃ baddhvā kaṭukaśabdena paṭahaṃ cārayitvā dakṣiṇena nagaradvāreṇa niṣkāsya caṭvāramūla upaveśya śiraśchindyāt? taṃ kaścidevaṃ pṛcchet—kimanena puruṣeṇa kṛtaṃ yenāyaṃ rājñā ghātita iti? tamanyo vyākuryāt—anena puruṣeṇa rājño'naparādhī puruṣo'kāraṇenāhataḥ, tena rājñājñapto'yamevaṃ vadhaṃ prāpta iti. kaccidgrāmaṇi, tvayāyamevaṃrūpo dṛṣṭapūrvaḥ śrutapūrvo vā?

pāṭalyo'vocat—dṛṣṭapūrvo me, bho gautama, śrutaśca, śroṣyāmi cāpyanāgatamadhvānam.

bhagavānavocat—yadi, grāmaṇi, ye te śramaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādina evaṃdṛṣṭayaḥ—yaḥ kaścitprāṇātipātaṃ karoti, sarvaḥ sa dṛṣṭa eva dharme duḥkhaṃ daurmanasyaṃ pratisaṃvedayatīti, teṣāṃ vacanaṃ kaccidbhūtaṃ bhāṣitamuta mṛṣā?

pāṭalyo'vocat—mṛṣā, bho gautama.

bhagavānavocat—ye mṛṣā bhāṣante, teṣāṃ vacanaṃ tvaṃ śraddadhāsīti?

pāṭalyo'vocat—no hīdam, bho gautama.

bhagavānavocat—sādhu sādhu, grāmaṇi. tatkiṃ manyase, grāmaṇi, ihāsti grāme vā nigame vā kaścitpuruṣaḥ kṛtamaulibandho mālyadāmadharo gandhānuliptagātraḥ strībhiḥ parivṛto nṛtyagītavāditreṇa ramamāṇaḥ krīḍanparicārayanrājeva viharati. taṃ kaścidevaṃ pṛcchet—kimanena puruṣeṇāpūrvaṃ kṛtamiti. tamanyo vyākuryāt—anena puruṣeṇānyasminrāṣṭre'dattādānamādattam, tena rājā tuṣṭo'smai paritoṣikaṃ pradadau, tenāyaṃ puruṣaḥ kṛtamaulibandho mālyadāmadharo gandhānuliptagātraḥ strībhiḥ parivṛto nṛtyagītavāditreṇa ramamāṇaḥ krīḍanparicārayanrājeva viharatīti. kaccidgrāmaṇi, tvayāyamevaṃrūpo dṛṣṭapūrvaḥ śrutapūrvo vā?

pāṭalyo'vocat—dṛṣṭapūrvo me, bho gautama, śrutaśca, śroṣyāmi cāpyanāgatamadhvānam.

bhagavānavocat—tatkiṃ manyase, grāmaṇi, ihāsti tvayā kaścitpuruṣo dṛṣṭapūrvo rājapuruṣairgṛhīto dṛḍhaṃ paścādbāhuṃ gāḍhabandhanaṃ baddhvā kaṭukaśabdena paṭahaṃ cārayitvā dakṣiṇena nagaradvāreṇa niṣkāsya cāṇḍālapiṭhikāyāmupaveśya śiraśchinnaḥ? taṃ kaścidevaṃ pṛcchet—kimanena puruṣeṇa kṛtaṃ yenāyaṃ rājñā ghātita iti? tamanyo vyākuryāt—anena puruṣeṇāsminrāṣṭre'dattādānamādattam, tena rājñājñapto'yamevaṃ vadhaṃ prāpta iti. kaccidgrāmaṇi, tvayāyamevaṃrūpo dṛṣṭapūrvaḥ śrutapūrvo vā?

pāṭalyo'vocat—dṛṣṭapūrvo me, bho gautama, śrutaśca, śroṣyāmi cāpyanāgatamadhvānam.

bhagavānavocat—yadi, grāmaṇi, ye te śramaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādina evaṃdṛṣṭayaḥ—yaḥ kaścitadattādānamādatte, sarvaḥ sa dṛṣṭa eva dharme duḥkhaṃ daurmanasyaṃ pratisaṃvedayatīti, teṣāṃ vacanaṃ kaccidbhūtaṃ bhāṣitamuta mṛṣā?

pāṭalyo'vocat—mṛṣā, bho gautama.

bhagavānavocat—ye mṛṣā bhāṣante, teṣāṃ vacanaṃ tvaṃ śraddadhāsīti?

pāṭalyo'vocat—no hīdam, bho gautama.

bhagavānavocat—sādhu sādhu, grāmaṇi. tatkiṃ manyase, grāmaṇi, ihāsti grāme vā nigame vā kaścitpuruṣaḥ kṛtamaulibandho mālyadāmadharo gandhānuliptagātraḥ strībhiḥ parivṛto nṛtyagītavāditreṇa ramamāṇaḥ krīḍanparicārayanrājeva viharati. taṃ kaścidevaṃ pṛcchet—kimanena puruṣeṇāpūrvaṃ kṛtamiti. tamanyo vyākuryāt—ayaṃ puruṣo vācā narmahāsyena rājānaṃ ramayati, tasya mṛṣāvādena rājā tuṣṭo'smai paritoṣikaṃ pradadau, tenāyaṃ puruṣaḥ kṛtamaulibandho mālyadāmadharo gandhānuliptagātraḥ strībhiḥ parivṛto nṛtyagītavāditreṇa ramamāṇaḥ krīḍanparicārayanrājeva viharatīti. kaccidgrāmaṇi, tvayāyamevaṃrūpo dṛṣṭapūrvaḥ śrutapūrvo vā?

pāṭalyo'vocat—dṛṣṭapūrvo me, bho gautama, śrutaśca, śroṣyāmi cāpyanāgatamadhvānam.

bhagavānavocat—tatkiṃ manyase, grāmaṇi, ihāsti tvayā kaścitpuruṣo dṛṣṭapūrvo rājapuruṣairgṛhīto daṇḍairāhataḥ kāṣṭhapañjare prakṣiptaśchinnarathakena vāhyamāna uttareṇa nagaradvāreṇa niṣkāsya parikhāyāṃ prakṣiptaḥ? taṃ kaścidevaṃ pṛcchet—kimanena puruṣeṇa kṛtaṃ yenāyaṃ rājñā ghātita iti? tamanyo vyākuryāt—anena puruṣeṇa rājñaḥ purato mṛṣāsākṣyamuktam, sa mṛṣāvādena rājānaṃ vañcayitukāmaḥ, tena rājñājñapto'yamevaṃ vadhaṃ prāpta iti. kaccidgrāmaṇi, tvayāyamevaṃrūpo dṛṣṭapūrvaḥ śrutapūrvo vā?

pāṭalyo'vocat—dṛṣṭapūrvo me, bho gautama, śrutaśca, śroṣyāmi cāpyanāgatamadhvānam.

bhagavānavocat—tatkiṃ manyase, grāmaṇi, yadi ye te śramaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādina evaṃdṛṣṭayaḥ—yaḥ kaścinmṛṣā bhāṣate, sarvaḥ sa dṛṣṭa eva dharme duḥkhaṃ daurmanasyaṃ pratisaṃvedayatīti, teṣāṃ vacanaṃ kaccidbhūtaṃ bhāṣitamuta mṛṣā?

pāṭalyo'vocat—mṛṣā, bho gautama.

bhagavānavocat—ye mṛṣā bhāṣante, teṣāṃ vacanaṃ tvaṃ śraddadhāsīti?

pāṭalyo'vocat—no hīdam, bho gautama.

bhagavānavocat—sādhu sādhu, grāmaṇi.

atha khalu pāṭalyo grāmaṇīrutthāyāsanādekāṃsamuttarāsaṅgaṃ kṛtvā yena bhagavāṃstenāñjaliṃ praṇāmya bhagavantametadavocat—āścaryaṃ, bho gautama, adbhutaṃ, bho gautama. suṣṭhubhāṣitamidaṃ, bho gautama, sūpamādiṣṭam. ahaṃ, bho gautama, uttaragrāme uccaprāsādaṃ kārayitvā śayanāsanaṃ prajñapya pānīyabhājanaṃ ca pratiṣṭhāpya mahāntaṃ pradīpaṃ prajvālayāmi. ye kecittīvratapaḥprakrāntāḥ śramaṇabrāhmaṇā atra maṇḍapa āgacchanti, teṣāmahaṃ yathāśakti pariṣkāraṃ dāsyāmi. tatra catvāraḥ pravādina āgacchanti nānādṛṣṭayo nānārucikā nānāvādā anyonyavipakṣāstasminnuccaprāsāde sannipatanti.

tatra prathamaḥ pravādyevaṃvādī evaṃdṛṣṭirbhavati—nāsti dattaṃ, nāstīṣṭaṃ, nāsti hutaṃ, nāsti mantravādaḥ, nāsti sucaritaduṣcaritānāṃ karmaṇāṃ phalaṃ vipāko, nāstyayaṃ loko, nāsti paraloko, nāsti mātā, nāsti pitā, na santi loke'rhantaḥ samyaggatāḥ samyakpratipannā ya imaṃ ca lokaṃ paraṃ ca lokaṃ svayamabhijñāya sākṣātkṛtyopasampadya viharantīti. tatra dvitīyaḥ pravādī samyagdṛṣṭiko bhavati, sa prathamapravādinaṃ pratyācaṣṭe. sa evaṃvādī evaṃdṛṣṭirbhavati—asti dattam, astīṣṭam, asti hutam, asti mantravādaḥ, asti sucaritaduṣcaritānāṃ karmaṇāṃ phalaṃ vipāko, astyayaṃ loko, asti paraloko, asti mātā, asti pitā, santi loke'rhantaḥ samyaggatāḥ samyakpratipannā ya imaṃ ca lokaṃ paraṃ ca lokaṃ svayamabhijñāya sākṣātkṛtyopasampadya viharantīti.

tatra tṛtīyaḥ pravādyevaṃvādī evaṃdṛṣṭirbhavati—kurvataḥ kārayataśchindataśchedayataḥ pacataḥ pācayataḥ śocataḥ śocayataḥ klamayato hanato hrāsayata urastāḍanaṃ kurvatastaptasya krandato bālasya prāṇinamatipātayato'dattamādadato'brahmacaryaṃ carato mṛṣā bhāṣamāṇasya madyam pibataḥ sandhicchedaṃ kurvato nillopaṃ harataḥ paripanthe tiṣṭhato grāmaghātaṃ kurvato nagaraghātaṃ kurvato rāṣṭraghātaṃ kurvata evaṃ kurvato nāsti pāpam. kṣuradhāreṇa cakraśastreṇa ya imāṃ pṛthivīmekaṃ māṃsakhaṇḍam ekaṃ māṃsapuñjaṃ kuryāt, nāsti tatonidānaṃ pāpam, nāsti pāpasyāgamaḥ. dakṣiṇaṃ gaṅgākūlaṃ gacchato ghnato ghātayataśchindataśchedayataḥ pacataḥ pācayato nāsti tatonidānaṃ pāpam, nāsti pāpasyāgamaḥ. uttaraṃ gaṅgākūlaṃ gacchato dadataḥ pradadato yajato yājayato mantravādaṃ prayuñjato nāsti tatonidānaṃ puṇyam, nāsti puṇyasyāgamaḥ. dānena damena rakṣeṇa saṃyamena stutyā hitaiṣiṇā dānena priyavādenārthacaryayā samānārthatayā nāsti tatonidānaṃ puṇyam, nāsti puṇyasyāgama iti.

tatra caturthaḥ pravādī samyagdṛṣṭiko bhavati, sa tṛtīyapravādinaṃ pratyācaṣṭe. sa evaṃvādī evaṃdṛṣṭirbhavati—kurvataḥ kārayataśchindataśchedayataḥ pacataḥ pācayataḥ śocataḥ śocayataḥ klamayato hanato hrāsayata urastāḍanaṃ kurvatastaptasya krandato bālasya prāṇinamatipātayato'dattamādadato'brahmacaryaṃ carato mṛṣā bhāṣamāṇasya madyam pibataḥ sandhicchedaṃ kurvato nillopaṃ harataḥ paripanthe tiṣṭhato grāmaghātaṃ kurvato nagaraghātaṃ kurvato rāṣṭraghātaṃ kurvata evaṃ kurvataḥ kṛtaṃ bhavati pāpam. kṣuradhāreṇa cakraśastreṇa ya imāṃ pṛthivīm ekaṃ māṃsakhaṇḍam ekaṃ māṃsapuñjaṃ kuryāt, asti tatonidānaṃ pāpam, asti pāpasyāgamaḥ. dakṣiṇaṃ gaṅgākūlaṃ gacchato ghnato ghātayataśchindataśchedayataḥ pacataḥ pācayato'sti tatonidānaṃ pāpam, asti pāpasyāgamaḥ. uttaraṃ gaṅgākūlaṃ gacchato dadataḥ pradadato yajato yājayato mantravādaṃ prayuñjato'sti tatonidānaṃ puṇyam, asti puṇyasyāgamaḥ. dānena damena saṃyamena sucaritena stutyā hitaiṣiṇā priyavādena samalābhenāsti tatonidānaṃ puṇyam, asti puṇyasyāgama iti. śrutvā caitad, bho gautama, tasmin maṇḍape me kāṅkṣotpannā vicikitsotpannā teṣu śramaṇabrāhmaṇeṣu—ke nveteṣāṃ śramaṇabrāhmaṇānāṃ satyamāhuḥ ke mṛṣeti?

bhagavānavocat—alaṃ te, grāmaṇi, kāṅkṣitum, alaṃ vicikitsitum. tatkasya hetoḥ? kāṅkṣaṇīya eva te sthāne kāṅkṣotpannā vicikitsā. tvaṃ hi, grāmaṇi, apariśuddhajñāno'si, asti vā paraloko nāsti vā paraloka iti. tvaṃ hi, grāmaṇi, apariśuddhajñāno'si, kṛtaṃ karma sāvadyaṃ vāstyanavadyaṃ veti. asti, grāmaṇi, viveko nāma dharmasamādhiḥ. yadi tvaṃ tenātra dharmasamādhinā samanvāgato bhavasi, tataḥ smṛtiṃ pratilapsyasa ekāgratāṃ pratilapsyase. evaṃ tvamanena dṛṣṭa eva dharme vicikitsāṃ prahāya vṛddhiṃ virūḍhiṃ vipulatāmāpatsyase.

atha khalu pāṭalyo grāmaṇīrutthāyāsanādekāṃsamuttarāsaṅgaṃ kṛtvā yena bhagavāṃstenāñjaliṃ praṇāmya bhagavantametadavocat—ko nu, bho gautama, viveko nāma dharmasamādhiḥ yena smṛtiṃ pratilapsyāmīkāgratāṃ pratilapsyāmi, evaṃ cāhamanena dṛṣṭa eva dharme vicikitsāṃ prahāya vṛddhiṃ virūḍhiṃ vipulatāmāpatsye?

bhagavānavocat—iha, grāmaṇi, śrutavānāryaśrāvakaḥ prāṇātipātaṃ prahāya prāṇātipātātprativirato bhavati, adattādānaṃ mithyācāraṃ mṛṣāvādaṃ yāvanmithyādṛṣṭiṃ prahāya samyagdṛṣṭimupāsate. sa divā karmeṣu kṛṣivāṇijyādiṣu prayuktaḥ, rātrau svasaṃniveśana ekāntamadhyāsīnaḥ, ardharātraṃ vyativṛtya prabhātāyāṃ rajanyāmevaṃ pratisañcintayati—ahaṃ khalu prāṇātipātaṃ prahāya prāṇātipātātprativirato, yāvanmithyādṛṣṭiṃ prahāya samyagdṛṣṭimupāsita iti. sa evamātmānaṃ daśākuśalānkarmapathānprahāya daśakuśalānkarmapathānsamādāya vartamānaṃ samanupaśyati. tasyaivamātmānaṃ samanupaśyataḥ prāmodyamutpadyate, pramuditasyotpadyate prītiḥ, prītamanasaḥ kāyaḥ praśrabhyate, praśrabdhakāyaḥ sukhaṃ vedayate, sukhitasya cittaṃ samādhīyate. sa evaṃ samāhitacitto maitrīsahagatena cetasaikāṃ diśamadhimucya viharati, tathā dvitīyāṃ tathā tṛtīyāṃ tathā caturthīm. iti tiryagūrdhvamadhaḥ samantaṃ sarvato maitrīsahagatena cetasāvaireṇāsapatnenāvyāpādenāraṇena vipulena mahadgatenāpramāṇena subhāvitenāśeṣaṃ lokaṃ spharitvādhimucya viharati. sa evaṃ pratisañcintayati—yadi te śramaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādina evaṃdṛṣṭayaḥ—nāsti dattaṃ nāstīṣṭaṃ yāvat svayamabhijñāya sākṣātkṛtyopasampadya viharantīti. yadi teṣāṃ śramaṇabrāhmaṇānāṃ tadbhūtaṃ bhāṣitaṃ, nāhaṃ lokaṃ vigṛhṇāmi bhaye cābhaye ca, sadā sarvalokānukampī nityamahaṃ sarvasattvaiḥ sārdhamavivadamāno'nāvilo hṛṣṭacitto viharāmi. ahamapīdānīmanuttaraṃ manuṣyadharmāduttari viśeṣamadhigamya sukhaṃ viharāmi, yadidaṃ viveko nāma dharmasamādhiḥ. sa teṣāṃ śramaṇabrāhmaṇānāṃ bhāṣitaṃ naivābhinandati na pratikrośati. anabhinandannapratikrośannādhyātmameva śāntiṃ pratilabhate. ayaṃ sa, grāmaṇi, viveko nāma dharmasamādhiḥ yena smṛtiṃ pratilapsyasa ekāgratāṃ pratilapsyase. evaṃ tvamanena dṛṣṭa eva dharme vicikitsāṃ prahāya vṛddhiṃ virūḍhiṃ vipulatāmāpatsyase.

punaraparaṃ, grāmaṇi, śrutavānāryaśrāvakaḥ prāṇātipātaṃ prahāya prāṇātipātātprativirato bhavati, adattādānaṃ mithyācāraṃ mṛṣāvādaṃ yāvanmithyādṛṣṭiṃ prahāya samyagdṛṣṭimupāsate. sa divā karmeṣu kṛṣivāṇijyādiṣu prayuktaḥ, rātrau svasaṃniveśana ekāntaniṣaṇṇaḥ, ardharātraṃ vyativṛtya prabhātāyāṃ rajanyāmevaṃ pratisañcintayati—ahaṃ khalu prāṇātipātaṃ prahāya prāṇātipātātprativirato, yāvanmithyādṛṣṭiṃ prahāya samyagdṛṣṭimupāsita iti. sa evamātmānaṃ daśākuśalānkarmapathānprahāya daśakuśalānkarmapathānsamādāya vartamānaṃ samanupaśyati. tasyaivamātmānaṃ samanupaśyataḥ prāmodyamutpadyate, pramuditasyotpadyate prītiḥ, prītamanasaḥ kāyaḥ praśrabhyate, praśrabdhakāyaḥ sukhaṃ vedayate, sukhitasya cittaṃ samādhīyate. sa evaṃ samāhitacittaḥ karuṇāsahagatena cetasaikāṃ diśamadhimucya viharati, tathā dvitīyāṃ tathā tṛtīyāṃ tathā caturthīm. iti tiryagūrdhvamadhaḥ samantaṃ sarvato karuṇāsahagatena cetasāvaireṇāsapatnenāvyāpādenāraṇena vipulena mahadgatenāpramāṇena subhāvitenāśeṣaṃ lokaṃ spharitvādhimucya viharati. sa evaṃ pratisañcintayati—yadi te śramaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādina evaṃdṛṣṭayaḥ—asti dattam, astīṣṭam yāvat svayamabhijñāya sākṣātkṛtyopasampadya viharantīti. yadi teṣāṃ śramaṇabrāhmaṇānāṃ tadbhūtaṃ bhāṣitaṃ, tathāpyahaṃ bhaye cābhaye ca sarveṣāṃ prāṇabhūtānāṃ karuṇāṃ bhāvayāmi, na kenacitsārdhaṃ vigṛhyāvaireṇāvyāpādena pramudito viharāmi. ahamapīdānīmanuttaraṃ manuṣyadharmāduttari viśeṣamadhigamya sukhaṃ viharāmi, yadidaṃ viveko nāma dharmasamādhiḥ. sa teṣāṃ śramaṇabrāhmaṇānāṃ bhāṣitaṃ naivābhinandati na pratikrośati. anabhinandannapratikrośannādhyātmameva śāntiṃ pratilabhate. ayaṃ sa, grāmaṇi, viveko nāma dharmasamādhiḥ yena smṛtiṃ pratilapsyasa ekāgratāṃ pratilapsyase. evaṃ tvamanena dṛṣṭa eva dharme vicikitsāṃ prahāya vṛddhiṃ virūḍhiṃ vipulatāmāpatsyase.

punaraparaṃ, grāmaṇi, śrutavānāryaśrāvakaḥ prāṇātipātaṃ prahāya prāṇātipātātprativirato bhavati, adattādānaṃ mithyācāraṃ mṛṣāvādaṃ yāvanmithyādṛṣṭiṃ prahāya samyagdṛṣṭimupāsate. sa divā karmeṣu kṛṣivāṇijyādiṣu prayuktaḥ, rātrau svasaṃniveśana ekāntaniṣaṇṇaḥ, ardharātraṃ vyativṛtya prabhātāyāṃ rajanyāmevaṃ pratisañcintayati—ahaṃ khalu prāṇātipātaṃ prahāya prāṇātipātātprativirato, yāvanmithyādṛṣṭiṃ prahāya samyagdṛṣṭimupāsita iti. sa evamātmānaṃ daśākuśalānkarmapathānprahāya daśakuśalānkarmapathānsamādāya vartamānaṃ samanupaśyati. tasyaivamātmānaṃ samanupaśyataḥ prāmodyamutpadyate, pramuditasyotpadyate prītiḥ, prītamanasaḥ kāyaḥ praśrabhyate, praśrabdhakāyaḥ sukhaṃ vedayate, sukhitasya cittaṃ samādhīyate. sa evaṃ samāhitacitto muditāsahagatena cetasaikāṃ diśamadhimucya viharati, tathā dvitīyāṃ tathā tṛtīyāṃ tathā caturthīm. iti tiryagūrdhvamadhaḥ samantaṃ sarvato muditāsahagatena cetasāvaireṇāsapatnenāvyāpādenāraṇena vipulena mahadgatenāpramāṇena subhāvitenāśeṣaṃ lokaṃ spharitvādhimucya viharati. sa evaṃ pratisañcintayati—yadi te śramaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādina evaṃdṛṣṭayaḥ—kurvataḥ kārayataḥ yāvat nāsti puṇyasyāgama iti. yadi teṣāṃ śramaṇabrāhmaṇānāṃ tadbhūtaṃ bhāṣitaṃ, tathāpyahaṃ bhaye cābhaye ca sarveṣāṃ prāṇabhūtānāṃ muditāṃ bhāvayāmi, na kenacitsārdhaṃ vigṛhyāvaireṇāvyāpādena pramudito viharāmi. ahamapīdānīmanuttaraṃ manuṣyadharmāduttari viśeṣamadhigamya sukhaṃ viharāmi, yadidaṃ viveko nāma dharmasamādhiḥ. sa teṣāṃ śramaṇabrāhmaṇānāṃ bhāṣitaṃ naivābhinandati na pratikrośati. anabhinandannapratikrośannādhyātmameva śāntiṃ pratilabhate. ayaṃ sa, grāmaṇi, viveko nāma dharmasamādhiḥ yena smṛtiṃ pratilapsyasa ekāgratāṃ pratilapsyase. evaṃ tvamanena dṛṣṭa eva dharme vicikitsāṃ prahāya vṛddhiṃ virūḍhiṃ vipulatāmāpatsyase. punaraparaṃ, grāmaṇi, śrutavānāryaśrāvakaḥ prāṇātipātaṃ prahāya prāṇātipātātprativirato bhavati, adattādānaṃ mithyācāraṃ mṛṣāvādaṃ yāvanmithyādṛṣṭiṃ prahāya samyagdṛṣṭimupāsate. sa divā karmeṣu kṛṣivāṇijyādiṣu prayuktaḥ, rātrau svasaṃniveśana ekāntaniṣaṇṇaḥ, ardharātraṃ vyativṛtya prabhātāyāṃ rajanyāmevaṃ pratisañcintayati—ahaṃ khalu prāṇātipātaṃ prahāya prāṇātipātātprativirato, yāvanmithyādṛṣṭiṃ prahāya samyagdṛṣṭimupāsita iti. sa evamātmānaṃ daśākuśalānkarmapathānprahāya daśakuśalānkarmapathānsamādāya vartamānaṃ samanupaśyati. tasyaivamātmānaṃ samanupaśyataḥ prāmodyamutpadyate, pramuditasyotpadyate prītiḥ, prītamanasaḥ kāyaḥ praśrabhyate, praśrabdhakāyaḥ sukhaṃ vedayate, sukhitasya cittaṃ samādhīyate. sa evaṃ samāhitacitta upekṣāsahagatena cetasaikāṃ diśamadhimucya viharati, tathā dvitīyāṃ tathā tṛtīyāṃ tathā caturthīm. iti tiryagūrdhvamadhaḥ samantaṃ sarvato upekṣāsahagatena cetasāvaireṇāsapatnenāvyāpādenāraṇena vipulena mahadgatenāpramāṇena subhāvitenāśeṣaṃ lokaṃ spharitvādhimucya viharati. sa evaṃ pratisañcintayati—yadi te śramaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādina evaṃdṛṣṭayaḥ—kurvataḥ kārayataḥ yāvat asti puṇyasyāgama iti. yadi teṣāṃ śramaṇabrāhmaṇānāṃ tadbhūtaṃ bhāṣitaṃ, tathāpyahaṃ bhaye cābhaye ca sarveṣāṃ prāṇabhūtānāmupekṣāṃ bhāvayāmi, na kenacitsārdhaṃ vigṛhyāvaireṇāvyāpādena pramudito viharāmi. ahamapīdānīmanuttaraṃ manuṣyadharmāduttari viśeṣamadhigamya sukhaṃ viharāmi, yadidaṃ viveko nāma dharmasamādhiḥ. sa teṣāṃ śramaṇabrāhmaṇānāṃ bhāṣitaṃ naivābhinandati na pratikrośati.

anabhinandannapratikrośannādhyātmameva śāntiṃ pratilabhate. ayaṃ sa, grāmaṇi, viveko nāma dharmasamādhiḥ yena smṛtiṃ pratilapsyasa ekāgratāṃ pratilapsyase. evaṃ tvamanena dṛṣṭa eva dharme vicikitsāṃ prahāya vṛddhiṃ virūḍhiṃ vipulatāmāpatsyase. tasminkhalu dharmaparyāye bhāṣyamāṇe pāṭalyasya grāmaṇervirajaṃ vītamalaṃ dharmeṣu dharmacakṣurutpannam. atha khalu pāṭalyo grāmaṇīrdṛṣṭadharmā prāptadharmā viditadharmā paryogāḍhadharmā tīrṇakāṅkṣo vigatakathaṃkatho vaiśāradyaprāpto'parapratyayaḥ śāstuḥ śāsana utthāyāsanādbhagavataḥ pādau śirasā vanditvā bhagavantametadavocat—bhagavan, ahamadya bhagavantaṃ śaraṇaṃ gacchāmi dharmaṃ ca bhikṣusaṅghaṃ ca. upāsakaṃ māṃ bhagavāndhārayatvadyāgreṇa yāvajjīvaṃ prāṇopetaṃ śaraṇagataṃ prasannamiti.

idamavocadbhagavān. āttamanāḥ pāṭalyo grāmaṇīste ca bhikṣavo bhagavato bhāṣitamabhyanandiṣuḥ.

pāṭalyasūtraṃ daśamaṃ samāptam.

madhyamāgame karmasaṃyuktavargo dvitīyaḥ samāptaḥ.